Ob peb cov tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab kev lag luam tshuaj nyiam ntau qhov kev tshawb nrhiav ntxhov siab xws li diethanolamine. Ntaus "diethanolamine" rau hauv lub tshuab tshawb nrhiav thiab koj yuav ntsib cov kab lus sai sai xws li "txuas mus rau mob qog noj ntshav," " txwv tsis pub nyob hauv Europe," thiab "hormone disruptor." Cov lus thov no nthuav dav hauv cov neeg siv xov xwm thiab cov lus hais txog kev zoo nkauj huv si, feem ntau rub tawm ntawm cov ntsiab lus tshawb fawb uas yuav ua rau cov neeg nyeem ntsuas lawv qhov tseeb.
Tsab ntawv xov xwm no hais txog cov kev txhawj xeeb ncaj qha, kos duab ntawm cov kev ntsuam xyuas luam tawm ntawm lub koom haum tswj hwm thiab cov kws tshawb fawb ywj pheej. Lub hom phiaj tsis yog tshem tawm cov lus nug txog kev nyab xeeb - qee qhov lawv yog qhov raug cai - tab sis nthuav tawm cov pov thawj qhia tau hais tias, cov xwm txheej ntawm kev txhawj xeeb yog dab tsi, thiab cov txheej txheem tswj hwm thoob ntiaj teb tam sim no xav tau. Rau DEA physicochemical specifications, saib pebDiethanolamine khoom page.
Diethanolamine (DEA, CAS 111-42-2) yog ib qho amine thib ob uas tsim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ethylene oxide nrog ammonia. Nws cov mis molecular yog C₄H₁₁NO₂ thiab molecular hnyav yog 105.14 g / mol. Nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub nws yog xim tsis muaj xim rau daj ntseg daj kua nplaum los yog cov khoom dawb (melting point ~ 28 degree). Nws yog tag nrho miscible nrog dej thiab dav siv raws li ib tug surfactant intermediate, pH adjuster, gas kev kho mob hnyav, corrosion inhibitor, thiab tshuaj excipient.
Hauv cov khoom tu tus kheej, DEA zoo nkaus li ob qho tib si amine dawb (raws li pH adjuster) thiab raws li fatty acid amide derivative - feem ntaucocamide DEA- uas yog qhov sib txawv nrog nws tus kheej INCI cov npe thiab kev tswj hwm kev kho mob.
🔬 Cov Lus Nug Txog Mob Cancer: Qhov Pov Thawj Ua Tau Zoo Li Cas
Kev txhawj xeeb txog mob qog noj ntshav nyob ib puag ncig DEA muaj ob txoj xov sib cais uas feem ntau sib sau ua ke hauv kev tshaj tawm nrov: IARC kev faib tawm ntawm DEA nws tus kheej, thiab tsim N-nitrosodiethanolamine (NDELA) ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv qee cov qauv. Kev nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv ntawm ob qhov teeb meem no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas kev pheej hmoo kom raug.
IARC Pawg 2B: Nws txhais li cas (thiab Nws Tsis Yog)
Lub Koom Haum Thoob Ntiaj Teb rau Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Mob Cancer (IARC) tau muab faib ua diethanolamine ua ib qhoGroup 2B carcinogen- "tejzaum carcinogenic rau tib neeg" - nyob rau hauv nws 2013 monograph tshuaj xyuas. Qhov kev faib tawm no yog ua raws li cov pov thawj txaus ntawm carcinogenicity hauv cov tsiaj (feem ntau cov nas ntawm daim tawv nqaij pleev xim thiab kev tshawb fawb ntawm qhov ncauj) ua ke nrog cov pov thawj tsis txaus hauv tib neeg.
| IARC Group | Kev faib tawm | Hauv paus | Piv txwv |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pawg 1 | Carcinogenic rau tib neeg | Cov pov thawj muaj zog ntawm tib neeg | Asbestos, haus luam yeeb, benzene |
| Pawg 2A | Tej zaum carcinogenic | txwv tib neeg + tsiaj muaj zog | Cov nqaij liab, glyphosate, acrylamide |
| Pawg 2B ← DEA | Tejzaum yog carcinogenic | Tsiaj pov thawj; tib neeg cov ntaub ntawv tsis txaus | DEA, aloe vera extract, pickled zaub, kas fes (de- npe 2016) |
| Pab pawg 3 | Tsis classifiable | Cov pov thawj tsis txaus tag nrho | Tshuaj yej, fluorescent teeb, mercury (inorganic) |
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias Pawg 2B yog tusqis dua ntawm ob pawg "muaj peev xwm".thiab suav nrog ntau tshaj 300 tus neeg sawv cev suav nrog kas fes (yav tas los), aloe vera tag nrho nplooj extract, thiab talc-raws li lub cev hmoov. Ib pawg 2B kev faib tawm tsis tau txhais hais tias ib yam khoom ua rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv tib neeg ntawm cov qib raug kis tau zoo - nws txhais tau hais tias cov ntaub ntawv muaj yog qhia tab sis tsis muaj tseeb.
Cov kev tshawb fawb tsiaj uas ua rau qhov kev faib tawm 2B tau siv daim ntawv thov dermal ntawm koob tshuaj ntau dua li cov uas tau ntsib hauv kev siv tshuaj pleev ib ce, thiab cov txheej txheem tau npaj - choline depletion cuam tshuam rau cell signaling - tsis tau lees paub ua haujlwm ntawm tib neeg cov tshuaj pleev ib ce.
Qhov teeb meem NDELA: Ib qho kev sib cais thiab kev txhawj xeeb ntxiv
Qhov kev txhawj xeeb uas tau tsim muaj zog dua tsis yog DEA nws tus kheej, tab sis nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj peev xwm nrog cov tshuaj nitrosating hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce los tsim.N-Nitrosodiethanolamine (NDELA). NDELA yog pawg 2A carcinogen (tej zaum carcinogenic rau tib neeg) - tag nrho cov kauj ruam siab dua ntawm IARC nplai tshaj DEA nws tus kheej.
Thaum DEA (ib tug thib ob amine) muaj nyob rau hauv tib formulation raws li ib tug nitrosating tus neeg saib xyuas - feem ntau tej yam preservatives xws li bronopol (2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol), imidazolidinyl urea, los yog sodium nitrite - ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem tshwm sim uas hloov DEA rau NDELA tshwj xeeb thaum lub sij hawm cia. NDELA tau pom tias muaj carcinogenicity nyob rau hauv ntau hom tsiaj thiab raug cais raws li tib neeg carcinogen los ntawm IARC. Qhov no yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tsav cov kev cai txwv ntawm DEA hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, tsis yog DEA kev faib tawm ib se.
Qhov txawv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb:DEA nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo- cov khoom tsim uas tsis muaj nitrosating agents tsis tsim NDELA.Qhov phom sij yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj, tsis yog cov cuab yeej ntawm DEA hauv txhua qhov xwm txheej.
🌍 Kev tswj hwm thoob ntiaj teb ntawm DEA
Kev tswj hwm kev kho mob ntawm DEA sib txawv los ntawm kev txiav txim siab thiab los ntawm kev npaj ua ntawv thov. Cov hauv qab no qhia txog cov xwm txheej tam sim no thoob plaws kev lag luam loj.
🇪🇺 European Union - EU Kev Tswj Xyuas Tshuaj Txhuam Hniav (EC No 1223/2009)
Ob leeg DEA thiab nws cov derivatives yuav tsum tsis txhob ua ke nrog nitrosating systems. Cov khoom yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj nitrosamines siab tshaj 50 µg / kg. Lub EU's Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) tau ua ntau yam kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm DEA thiab cocamide DEA, feem ntau tsis ntev los no tau lees paub cov kev txwv raws li qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm nitrosamine tsim ua ke nrog qee yam tshuaj tua kab mob.
🇺🇸 United States - FDA thiab California Prop 65
Hauv tsoomfwv qib siab, US FDA tsis txwv DEA lossis cocamide DEA hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce tab sis tau tshaj tawm cov lus qhia rau cov neeg siv khoom ceeb toom nws qhov kev txhawj xeeb txog qhov muaj peev xwm tsim nitrosamine thiab qhia kom cov neeg siv khoom txo qis lawv qhov kis. FDA tsis tau tsim qhov kev txwv siab tshaj plaws rau DEA hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce raws li tsoomfwv txoj cai lij choj.
Diethanolamine muaj npe nyob rau hauv California Txoj Cai Dej Haus Dej Nyab Xeeb thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Ua Phem Txhaum Cai (Txoj Cai 65) raws li cov khoom lag luam paub hauv Xeev California ua rau mob qog noj ntshav. Cov khoom muag hauv Kalifonias uas nthuav tawm cov neeg siv khoom mus rau DEA siab tshaj qhov tsim muaj kev nyab xeeb chaw nres nkoj (tam sim no tsis muaj NSRL tsim los tiv thaiv dermal) yuav xav tau Prop 65 ceeb toom. Cov hom lag luam muag hauv California yuav tsum tau txais kev qhia kev cai lij choj ntawm lawv qhov tshwj xeeb DEA- muaj cov qauv tsim.
🇨🇳 Tuam Tshoj - NMPA Cosmetic Regulations
Tuam Tshoj National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) tso cai rau diethanolamine hauv tshuaj pleev ib ce raws li pH adjuster thiab co-surfactant, raws li cov kev cai dav dav uas cov khoom tiav yuav tsum tsis muaj N-nitrosamines siab dua 50 µg/kg (raws li EU txwv). Cocamide DEA tau tso cai ua cov tshuaj yaug- tawm ntawm surfactant. Tuam Tshoj 2021 Cosmetic Supervision and Administration Regulation (CSAR) tau qhia txog kev soj ntsuam kev nyab xeeb, thiab cov khoom lag luam yuav tsum xyuas kom DEA- muaj cov qauv tsim tau txhawb nqa los ntawm - txog - hnub tim cov ntaub ntawv soj ntsuam kev nyab xeeb.
🌏 ASEAN, Nyiv, Kaus Lim Qab Teb
ASEAN Cosmetic Directive and Japan's quasi-Txoj cai tshuaj / tshuaj pleev ib ce feem ntau ua raws li EU ua ntej nrog rau DEA, tso cai txwv kev siv yaug- tawm cov khoom nrog nitrosamine tswj. South Kauslim Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) siv cov kev txwv zoo sib xws rau cov neeg nyob hauv EU. Hauv kev xyaum, cov npe tsim qauv rau kev faib tawm thoob ntiaj teb feem ntau siv EU-qib kev txwv thoob plaws txhua lub lag luam raws li tus qauv zoo tshaj plaws.
Regulatory Summary Table
| Kev ua lag luam | DEA (dawb amine) - Tawm - rau | DEA (dawb amine) - Yaug- tawm | Cocamide DEA - Yaug- tawm |
|---|---|---|---|
| EU | ⛔ Txwv tsis pub | ⚠️Max 5% | ⚠️ Ntau tshaj 10% |
| USA (Federal) | ⚠️ Tsis txwv; kev tawm tswv yim nkaus xwb | ⚠️ Tsis txwv; kev tawm tswv yim nkaus xwb | ⚠️ Tsis txwv; kev tawm tswv yim nkaus xwb |
| California (Prop 65) | ⛔ Cov npe carcinogen; tej zaum yuav tau ceeb toom | ⛔ Sau npe; tej zaum yuav tau ceeb toom | ⚠️ Tham nrog kws lij choj |
| Tuam Tshoj | ⚠️ Tso cai; nitrosamine txwv siv | ⚠️ Tso cai; nitrosamine txwv siv | ⚠️ Tso cai |
| ASEAN / Nyiv / Kauslim | ⚠️ Ua raws EU- cov kev txwv sib npaug | ⚠️ Tso cai nrog txwv | ⚠️ Tso cai nrog txwv |
🏭 DEA hauv Cov Ntawv Thov Kev Lag Luam: Cov ntsiab lus muaj kev pheej hmoo sib txawv
Cov kev txhawj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb uas tau tham saum toj no feem ntau yog siv rau cov neeg siv khoom kom zoo nkauj, qhov twg rov raug dermal ntau xyoo yog qhov cuam tshuam txog qhov tshwm sim. Cov ntsiab lus txaus ntshai rau cov neeg siv kev lag luam - cov neeg ua haujlwm cov kua dej ua haujlwm hlau, cov neeg ua haujlwm cog cov cement, cov kws kho roj roj - yog qhov sib txawv.
Hauv kev lag luam chaw, cov kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb yog:
DEA raug cais raws li daim tawv nqaij rhiab heev (Qeb 1) thiab ua rau mob qhov muag nruab nrab mus rau qhov muag loj (Qeb 2A) raws li GHS. Kev sib cuag ntawm daim tawv nqaij ncaj qha nrog cov tsis muaj tshuaj lom DEA lossis siab - cov kev daws teeb meem xav tau tshuaj lom neeg - cov hnab looj tes tiv thaiv thiab daim npog ntsej muag raws li PPE yam tsawg kawg nkaus. Kev txwv qhov chaw ua hauj lwm: 2 ppm (8-teev TWA) nyob rau hauv feem ntau jurisdictions.
DEA muaj qhov tsis tshua muaj vapor siab ntawm chav tsev kub (0.01 mmHg ntawm 20 degree), uas txwv tsis pub nqus pa hauv ntau daim ntawv thov. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tsim cov tshuaj aerosol thaum lub sij hawm ua cov kua dej ua haujlwm hlau tuaj yeem tsim cov dej nqus tau. Mist tswj los ntawm qhov chaw kaw, tso pa tawm hauv zos, thiab cov huab cua tiv thaiv yog cov qauv kev tsim vaj tsev.
Hauv cov kua dej ua haujlwm hlau, DEA muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau microbial degradation, uas tuaj yeem tsim nitrite ua metabolic los ntawm - khoom. Yog tias DEA- muaj cov kua dej ua rau cov kab mob sib kis, hauv -situ nitrosamine tsim tau. Kev saib xyuas dej tsis tu ncua (pH saib xyuas, biocide saum- nce, hloov dej) yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Siv DEA- muaj cov txheej txheem kwj deg (cov khoom siv roj rov qab, cov dej khib nyiab hlau ua haujlwm) raug cais raws li cov pov tseg txaus ntshai nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov cheeb tsam thiab yuav tsum muab pov tseg los ntawm cov neeg cog lus pov tseg. DEA yog biodegradable tab sis concentrated aqueous pov tseg yuav tsum tau kho ua ntej tso tawm.
Diethanolamine yog ib qho khoom ua ntej- sau npe thiab sau npe tag nrho raws li REACH (Kev Sau Npe, Kev Ntsuas, Kev Tso Cai thiab Kev Txwv Cov Tshuaj). Tam sim no nws yog nyob rau hauv SVHC (Cov Khoom Muaj Kev Nyuaj Siab Heev) cov npe neeg sib tw rau kev tso cai txiav txim siab hauv qee cov ntawv thov kev lag luam, tab sis tseem tsis tau muaj kev tso cai. Cov neeg siv khoom lag luam hauv EU yuav tsum saib xyuas ECHA SVHC cov npe rau txhua qhov kev hloov pauv rau kev tso cai ntawm DEA hauv lawv cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb.
🩺 Daim tawv nqaij rhiab heev thiab ua xua
Sib cais los ntawm kev sib tham txog carcinogenicity, DEA yog cais raws li daim tawv nqaij sensitiser - lub ntsiab lus rov qab sib cuag ntawm daim tawv nqaij tuaj yeem, hauv cov tib neeg uas muaj kev cuam tshuam, ua rau muaj kev tsis haum rau dermatitis. Qhov no muaj feem cuam tshuam rau ob tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam nrog rov ua haujlwm ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov neeg siv khoom siv DEA- muaj cov khoom tu tus kheej tsis tu ncua.
Qhov rhiab heev nyob rau hauv cov pej xeem yog tsawg. European dermatological soj ntsuam cov ntaub ntawv (ESSCA) qhia ib thaj - kuaj qhov zoo ntawm kwv yees li 1-2% ntawm cov neeg mob xa mus rau thaj tsam kuaj - ib tug pej xeem twb enriched rau kev tsis haum tshuaj. Hauv cov pej xeem, tus nqi qis dua.
Rau cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm hlau, kev ua haujlwm dermatitis los ntawm cov khoom siv hlau ua haujlwm - suav nrog DEA - yog qhov kev txhawj xeeb txog kev noj qab haus huv. Cov kev pab cuam tiv thaiv daim tawv nqaij nrog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, hnab looj tes, thiab tom qab- kev tu tawv nqaij ua haujlwm yog cov txheej txheem hauv kev ua haujlwm hlau.
⚖️ Muab Kev Ruaj Ntseg Hauv Cov Ntsiab Lus
Kev tshaj tawm xov xwm ntawm DEA kev nyab xeeb feem ntau nthuav tawm qhov phem tshaj plaws - xwm txheej - siab - kev tshawb fawb tsiaj, cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj tshuaj lom, thiab California Prop 65 cov npe - yam tsis muaj qhov xav tau, kev raug mob, thiab kev tsim tshuaj lom neeg cov ntsiab lus uas txiav txim siab txog cov neeg siv khoom txaus ntshai. Ib daim duab calibrated ntau dua tshwm sim thaum cov xwm txheej no suav nrog ua ke.
- Tias DEA ua rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv tib neeg ntawm kev siv tshuaj pleev ib ce
- Tias DEA yog tib neeg carcinogen (nws yog "tejzaum" carcinogenic raws li tsiaj cov ntaub ntawv nkaus xwb)
- Tias tag nrho DEA- muaj cov khoom tsim NDELA (kev tsim nitrosamine yuav tsum muaj co-muaj cov tshuaj nitrosating tshwj xeeb)
- DEA yog carcinogenic nyob rau hauv cov nas nyob rau hauv high koob tshuaj ntawm dermal thiab qhov ncauj txoj kev
- DEA reacts nrog nitrosating cov neeg ua hauj los tsim NDELA, tej zaum tib neeg carcinogen
- DEA yog cov tawv nqaij rhiab heev ua rau ua haujlwm dermatitis hauv qee cov neeg ua haujlwm
- EU tau txwv DEA hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce raws li kev ceev faj
Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel - lub US ywj siab lub cev uas soj ntsuam cov khoom xyaw kom zoo nkauj muaj kev nyab xeeb - xaus lus tias DEA muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev siv yaug - tawm cov tshuaj pleev ib ce ntawm ntau txog 5%, yog tias cov khoom tiav tsis muaj cov tshuaj nitrosating. Qhov no yog kev nyab xeeb dua -siv qhov rais dua li muaj ua ntej 2013 tab sis tsis yog ib qho kev txwv.
Rau cov ntawv thov kev lag luam - gas kev kho mob, metalworking, cement - carcinogenicity classification yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tab sis tsis txwv siv. Kev ua raws li REACH, kev tswj xyuas kev ua haujlwm huv, thiab kev tswj cov khib nyiab tsim nyog yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
🔄 Thaum Yuav Xav Txog Lwm Txoj Haujlwm rau DEA
Rau cov tsim qauv thiab cov tuam txhab tsim khoom uas xav kom zam DEA tag nrho - seb puas yog rau kev ua raws li kev cai, kev tso npe rau hom, lossis kev ceev faj vim li cas - cov tswv yim hloov pauv hauv qab no muaj nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov.
| Daim ntawv thov | DEA Role | Kev xaiv xaiv |
|---|---|---|
| Shampoo / lub cev ntxuav | Ua npuas ncauj Booster (cocamide DEA) | Cocamide MEA - kev hloov pauv ncaj qha ntawm 110–130% kev thauj khoom |
| Kho kom zoo nkauj pH | Dawb DEA raws li lub hauv paus | Triethanolamine (TEA) los yog AMP (aminomethyl propanol) |
| Hlau ua kua | Corrosion inhibitor / pH tsis | TEA + borate blends; tshwj xeeb amine pob; nrog tus neeg muag khoom ua kua |
| Gas kev kho mob (xaiv) | Selective H₂S absorption | MDEA (methyl diethanolamine) - kev xaiv zoo dua, qis dua qhov phom sij |
| Cement sib tsoo pab | Particle dispersion / thaum ntxov zog | TEA (zoo dua thaum ntxov zog profile); triisopropanolamine (TIPA) rau lub zog lig |
Muaj ntau zaus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau daim ntawv thov kev saib xyuas tus kheej, kev hloov pauv tau ncaj qha thiab kev ua lag luam kev ua haujlwm -tawm yog tsawg heev. Rau cov ntawv thov kev lag luam xws li kev ua haujlwm hlau thiab kev kho roj av, DEA cov chemistry tshwj xeeb feem ntau txhais tau hais tias kev hloov pauv yuav tsum muaj cov txheej txheem kev ntsuam xyuas ntau dua es tsis yog qhov yooj yim poob - hloov.
❓ Cov lus nug nquag
📝 Cov ntsiab lus
Kev nyab xeeb profile ntawm diethanolamine yog ntau nuanced dua li cov neeg siv xov xwm tshaj tawm qhia. DEA nqa ib pab pawg 2B IARC kev faib tawm raws li cov ntaub ntawv tsiaj txhu, tab sis tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau tib neeg mob qog noj ntshav ntawm kev siv tshuaj pleev ib ce. Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntau dua - NDELA tsim - yog ib qho teeb meem chemistry uas yuav zam tau los ntawm kev tsis suav nrog nitrosating agents los ntawm DEA- muaj cov formulations.
EU tau siv txoj hauv kev ceev faj uas txwv tab sis tsis txwv DEA hauv tshuaj pleev ib ce. Rau cov ntawv thov kev lag luam, DEA tseem tau tso cai dav dav thiab siv tau, ua raws li kev tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm huv thiab REACH ua raws cai. Cov tuam txhab lag luam thiab cov tuam txhab lag luam uas xav tau txoj kev tswj hwm huv thoob plaws txhua lub lag luam - suav nrog California - yuav pom tias nws yooj yim dua los hloov cocamide DEA nrog cocamide MEA thiab dawb DEA nrog TEA lossis AMP, ob qho tib si uas muaj cov teeb meem kev cai tsawg dua. Rau cov ntawv thov uas DEA qhov tshwj xeeb chemistry yog qhov tseem ceeb, nws tseem muaj thiab ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev siv.
Sinolook Chemical khoom siv diethanolamine (DEA 99%), monoethanolamine (MEA 99%), thiab triethanolamine (TEA 99%) nrog rau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv suav nrog CoA, SDS, thiab REACH kev them nyiaj yug. Tag nrho cov khoom muaj nyob nrog cov ntawv pov thawj DEA cov ntsiab lus tsom xam - qhov tseem ceeb rau cocamide MEA cov neeg tsim khoom thiab kev ua raws li EU cosmetic.
